The Cal Newport Show

The AI Resistance is Forming. (Should You Join?)

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Key takeaways

  • AI has the potential to degrade human cognition and craft when overused or misused.
  • Authentic meaning and fulfillment in life come from exerting effort, facing friction, and mastering skills, which AI tends to diminish.
  • Homogenization caused by AI leads to low-quality, superficial work lacking soul and originality.
  • Protectively limiting AI in areas requiring excellence, creativity, and human connection helps preserve our humanity.
  • Organizational pressures often prioritize quantity and efficiency over quality, accelerating the homogenization effect.
  • Being deliberate and intentional about AI use can help safeguard the aspects of life that give it depth and meaning.

Summary

The Threat of AI as a Cognitive Virus

The podcast opens by discussing a recent paper that likens large language models (LLMs) to a 'cognitive virus' that could negatively impact human cognition. The speaker reflects on the recent AI discourse, which often revolves around existential threats or utopian visions, and emphasizes the importance of focusing more on how AI affects individual humans—how it can be navigated for human flourishing.

Brad Stolberg’s Personal Experiment with AI

Brad Stolberg, a frequent guest and author, shares his initial enthusiasm for AI, which led him to experiment with it as a thought partner to improve his writing. However, after a few months of using AI for suggestions and editing, he found it to be uninspiring and homogenous, ultimately deciding to stop using it for creative work. Brad discusses how AI’s suggestions tend toward the average, degrading the quality of work, and underscores his desire to preserve the effort and struggle that underpin human creativity and mastery.

The Homogenization and Degradation of Quality

The discussion highlights concerns that AI produces homogenized, synthetic outputs that lack soul and originality. Brad notes that AI writing and other content often sound the same and diminish the craft of writing by removing the necessary struggle for quality. There’s a worry that AI feeds a culture of ubiquity and quantity over excellence, resulting in shallow, low-quality work across domains, not just creative arts.

Effort, Struggle, and the Meaning of Excellence

A core argument is that authentic meaning and fulfillment come from exerting effort and struggling through challenges. AI’s promise of efficiency threatens this, as it can eliminate effort entirely. Brad emphasizes that mastery and excellence are rooted in human effort, and mass-produced, AI-generated work erodes these qualities. The conversation advocates for protecting parts of life and work that require effort, as they are essential to living meaningfully.

AI and the Loss of Skill and Human Connection

The podcast explores how AI's ease of use and addictive qualities can lead to skill atrophy and the loss of social connection. Brad compares AI to ultra-processed food—something useful in moderation but harmful if consumed excessively. The danger is outsourcing activities that build skills, relationships, and life meaning, leading to superficiality, emptiness, and shallow engagement with life.

The Race for Efficiency and Homogenization in Organizations

The hosts critique the current corporate focus on deploying AI primarily for efficiency rather than excellence. Many companies are incentivized to use AI to maximize output while sacrificing quality and human touch. Brad warns that this race towards mass production—driven by short-term interests and hype—undermines craftsmanship, creativity, and the unique qualities that make work meaningful.

The Impact of AI on Everyday Life and Culture

The conversation warns against accepting a future where AI leads to a mass-produced, homogenized culture that is fast, cheap, and quality-deprived. Historical analogies, including email and social media, are used to illustrate how powerful technologies often lead to unintended negative societal effects. Brad advocates for deliberate, intentional use of AI aligned with living a deep, meaningful human life, rather than succumbing to hype and superficial efficiency.

A Humanist Resistance and Protecting Human Experiences

The episode concludes with a call for a 'humanist resistance'—intentionally safeguarding what makes us human, such as effort, deep connection, creativity, and feeling. The hosts emphasize aligning technology use with core human values, resisting the homogenizing and shallow tendencies prompted by AI, and focusing on what truly enriches life. The overarching message encourages individuals to prioritize quality, mastery, and human connection over superficial efficiency.

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Show notes

After a week spent debating AI’s impact on humanity, Cal wants to turn his attention back to AI’s impact on humans. To support this shift, he brings on the writer Brad Stulberg who recently decided that he was “done” with AI. They explore whether this is a resistance movement in the making…

Video from today’s episode:  youtube.com/calnewportmedia

More from Cal

Download Cal’s FREE guide to cultivating a deeper life: calnewport.com/ideas
Learn more about Cal’s books: calnewport.com/books
Listen to Cal’s podcast: thedeeplife.com/listen

Chapters

(0:00) A new paper calls LLMs a "cognitive virus"

(4:03) Brad gave AI a real shot — then quit

(8:13) Why everything online now sounds the same

(13:22) Plank 1: Effort, struggle, and the click-of-a-button economy

(20:11) You can take a gondola to the summit, but you didn't climb it

(28:30) Plank 2: AI is an average maker

(33:39) AI swirl: pseudo-productivity turned up to 11

(49:40) Treat AI like ultra-processed food

(55:08) Getting it off your phone, and the lesson of sports analytics

(1:00:13) Team Human and the humanist resistance

Sponsors:

https://www.horizon3.com/deep

https://www.calderalab.com/deep

https://www.notion.com/cal

https://www.factormeals.com/deep50off (Use code "deep50off")

Credits:

Podcast Production: Jesse Miller
Newsletter/Research: Nate Mechler
Theme Music: Jay Kerstens
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